In 2009, the W3C allowed the XHTML 2.0 Working Group's charter to expire and decided not to renew it. At that time, HTML 4.01 had not been updated since 2000, and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was focusing future developments on XHTML 2.0. The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) began work on the new standard in 2004. 3.6 Differences from HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.x.1.5.1 Differences between the two standards.1.2 Last call, candidacy, and recommendation stages.The APIs and Document Object Model (DOM) are now fundamental parts of the HTML5 specification, and HTML5 also better defines the processing for any invalid documents. New attributes were introduced, some elements and attributes were removed, and others such as, , and were changed, redefined, or standardized. To enrich the semantic content of documents, new page structure elements such as, ,, ,, ,, and are added.

rather than depending on CSS or JavaScript, and support for scalable vector graphics (SVG) content and MathML for mathematical formulas was also added. To natively include and handle multimedia and graphical content, the new, and elements were added, expandable sections are natively implemented through. Many new syntactic features are included.

For the same reasons, HTML5 is also a candidate for cross-platform mobile applications because it includes features designed with low-powered devices in mind. HTML5 includes detailed processing models to encourage more interoperable implementations it extends, improves, and rationalizes the markup available for documents and introduces markup and application programming interfaces (APIs) for complex web applications.

HTML5 is intended to subsume not only HTML 4 but also XHTML 1 and DOM Level 2 HTML.

Its goals were to improve the language with support for the latest multimedia and other new features to keep the language both easily readable by humans and consistently understood by computers and devices such as web browsers, parsers, etc., without XHTML's rigidity and to remain backward-compatible with older software. HTML5 was first released in a public-facing form on 22 January 2008, with a major update and 'W3C Recommendation' status in October 2014. It is maintained by the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG), a consortium of the major browser vendors ( Apple, Google, Mozilla, and Microsoft). The current specification is known as the HTML Living Standard. It is the fifth and final major HTML version that is a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation. HTML5 is a markup language used for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web.

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